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Methyl fluorosulfonate

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Methyl fluorosulfonate
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Methyl sulfurofluoridate
Other names
  • Methyl fluorosulphonate
  • Fluorosulfonic acid, methyl ester
  • Methyl fluorosulphate
  • Magic methyl
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.006.369 Edit this at Wikidata
UNII
  • InChI=1S/CH3FO3S/c1-5-6(2,3)4/h1H3 checkY
    Key: MBXNQZHITVCSLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/CH3FO3S/c1-5-6(2,3)4/h1H3
    Key: MBXNQZHITVCSLJ-UHFFFAOYAW
  • FS(=O)(=O)OC
Properties
CH3FO3S
Molar mass 114.09 g·mol−1
Density 1.45 g/mL
Boiling point 93 °C (199 °F; 366 K)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
checkY verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Methyl fluorosulfonate, also known as magic methyl, is the organic compound with the formula FSO2OCH3. It is a colorless liquid that is used as a strong methylating agent in organic synthesis. Because of its extreme toxicity, it has largely been replaced by the related reagent methyl trifluoromethanesulfonate.

Synthesis and reactions

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It is prepared by distillation of an equimolar mixture of fluorosulfonic acid and dimethyl sulfate. It was originally produced by the reaction of methanol with fluorosulfonic acid.[1]

Methyl fluorosulfonate is a highly electrophilic reagent for methylation. It is ranked as less powerful than methyl trifluoromethanesulfonate.[2]

Toxicity

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Similar to phosgene, it is acutely toxic[1] by inhalation, with an LC50 (rat, 1 hour) of about 5 ppm. Several cases of poisoning resulting in death from pulmonary edema have been reported.[3]

References

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  1. ^ a b Meyer, Julius; Schramm, Georg (1932). "Ester der Fluorsulfonsäure (Esters of fluorosulfonic acid)". Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie. 206: 24–30. doi:10.1002/zaac.19322060103.
  2. ^ Stang, Peter J.; Hanack, Michael; Subramanian, L. R. (1982). "Perfluoroalkanesulfonic Esters: Methods of Preparation and Applications in Organic Chemistry". Synthesis. 1982 (2): 85–126. doi:10.1055/s-1982-29711. ISSN 0039-7881.
  3. ^ Hite, M.; Rinehart, W.; Braun, W.; Peck, H. (1979). "Acute toxicity of methyl fluorosulfonate (Magic Methyl)". AIHA Journal. 40 (7): 600–603. doi:10.1080/00028897708984416. PMID 484483.